England - Conflict - Modern - War against ISIL

War against ISIL

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As the 21st century progressed, shadows emerged from the deserts of the Levant, darkening the global stage. The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), an entity of unspeakable cruelty and ambition, sought to carve an empire in the heart of the Middle East, threatening to destabilise an already volatile region and casting ripples of terror across continents. Britain, ever watchful and recognising both the direct and existential threats posed by ISIL, rose to the challenge.

The roots of this conflict can be traced to the power vacuums and sectarian strife that followed the 2003 Iraq War, which saw the rise of jihadist groups, ISIL being the most notorious. Their brutal regime, marked by mass executions, enslavements, and a grotesque distortion of Islamic tenets, necessitated a global response. By 2014, as ISIL's black banners fluttered over vast tracts of Iraq and Syria, a coalition of nations, including Britain, formed to halt and roll back this tide of darkness.

British involvement was multi-faceted. The Royal Air Force, deploying formidable aircraft like the Tornado and later the Typhoon, took to the skies, launching precise and relentless strikes against ISIL targets. Operation Shader, as it was named, began in earnest in August 2014. But it wasn't just an aerial campaign; British Special Forces, those phantoms of modern warfare, operated in the shadows, providing intelligence, guiding air strikes, and, at times, engaging in direct combat.

Leading Britain's forces in this complex theatre was a rotating cadre of senior military officers, answering to the Ministry of Defence and ultimately to the Prime Minister. Opposing them, and the broader coalition, was the nebulous leadership of ISIL, with Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, its self-proclaimed caliph, at the helm until his death in 2019.

Battles raged across the deserts and cities of Syria and Iraq. While British forces primarily played a supportive and aerial role, their impact was felt in key confrontations such as the Siege of Kobanî, the liberation of Mosul, and the Battle of Raqqa, the latter being ISIL's de facto capital. In these battles, coalition forces, supported by British air power and intelligence, confronted and gradually eroded ISIL's territorial hold.

By late 2017, ISIL's territorial empire was largely dismantled, its dreams of a caliphate turned to dust. Raqqa fell in October, and Mosul, after a gruelling campaign, was liberated. Yet, the spectre of ISIL was not wholly eradicated. Its ideology persisted, and its operatives, dispersed like sinister seeds in the wind, posed a continued threat.

Thus, in the annals of modern conflict, the war against ISIL stands as a testament to the global community's ability to rally against a shared threat. Britain, with its storied military history and enduring commitments, played a pivotal role. Yet, the shadows of this war also serve as a cautionary tale, reminding us of the complexities of intervention, the unintended consequences of past actions, and the perennial struggle against ideologies that seek to divide and destroy.

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Reference: Article by Greg Scott (Staff Historian), 2024

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